Showing posts with label Cheryl Malandrinos. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Cheryl Malandrinos. Show all posts

Monday, April 4, 2022

Blogging from A to Z 2022 - Challenge & Change

#AtoZChallenge 2022 Blogging from A to Z Challenge letter


Welcome to Day 3 of the Blogging from A to Z April Challenge (2022) I will be discussing topics of interest to those who identify as women this year. The Book Connection is lucky number 78 in a list of more than 140 bloggers who are participating in 2022. I encourage you to check out the list and visit other blogs with topics of interest.

CHALLENGE

Oprah Winfrey, Louisa May Alcott, and Katy Perry are all women who overcame challenges to succeed and inspire women.

Oprah Winfrey was fired from her job as an evening news reporter because she was too emotionally invested in her stories. By the late 1970s, she hosted a TV chat show followed by her own morning show. The Oprah Winfrey Show debuted in 1986. In addition to her book club, magazine, and her own television network, Oprah has the honor of being the first Black female billionaire. 

In the years before the publication of Little Women, Louisa May Alcott was a teacher and a servant to help support her family. She also volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War, which led to her contracting typhoid pneumonia. Her health never fully recovered. She was a lifelong advocate of social reform, believing in abolition and women's rights. She was the first woman to register to vote in Concord, MA. 

Katy Perry would often move across the country as her parents set up churches. She left high school at the age of 15 to pursue her music career. She was dropped by two major labels before signing with Capital Records in 2007. Her first marriage ended in divorce, which left her contemplating suicide. No one can deny Perry has created a lasting legacy in the music industry, and she has used her fame and fortune to support various charitable organizations. 

CHANGE

What do Susan B. Anthony, Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, Malala Yousafzai, and Dr. Mae Jemison all have in common? They all changed the world.

Susan B. Anthony's Quaker upbringing led her to advocate for women's suffrage, women's property rights, and the abolition of slavery. Along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Anthony founded the National Woman Suffrage Association. These women traveled the country delivering speeches in favor of women's suffrage, which led to the 19th amendment being ratified in 1920.

Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell is known as the first woman in America to earn a medical degree. Though she faced discrimination and challenges as she pursued her degree, she graduated first in her class in 1849. After spending time in London and Paris hospitals, she returned to New York City and opened a clinic to treat impoverished women. Along with her sister, Dr. Emily Blackwell, she trained nurses during the American Civil War. In 1868, she opened the Women's Medical College in New York City.

Malala Yousafzai was only 11 when she began speaking against the Taliban's threats to close girls' schools. Three years later, she and two other girls were shot on their way home from school. After surviving the attack, she went on to publish I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban. She founded the Malala Foundation in 2013 and received the Nobel Peace Prize a year later. 

Dr. Mae Jemison is an American physician and the first African American female astronaut. Jemison attended Cornell Medical School and graduated in 1981. In the mid-1980s, she joined the Peace Corps and worked as a medical officer. Upon her return to the States, she entered private practice and took graduate level engineering courses before applying to the astronaut program. Jemison participated in a space mission in September 1992. In addition to being an author, Jemison is an active public speaker on the topics of science and technology. 

These women have all left their mark on history. Who are some women who have inspired you? 

Information for this article was taken from the following sources:







Monday, January 28, 2013

Catch Me Tonight on Blog Talk Radio! -- VBTs

TODAY on TALK RADIO NETWORK! Special Guest, Cheryl C. Malandrinos, has been coordinating virtual book tours since 2007. In “Coordinating A Virtual Book Tour,” she shares her years of experience in how to reach out to bloggers to host your tour, provides ideas for guest posts (300-500 word articles), teaches how to write a press release, shares tips on how to stay organized and ways to promote your virtual book tour.

Cheryl C. Malandrinos has been coordinating virtual book tours through Pump Up Your Book since September 2007. She is a freelance writer, children’s author and editor. A member of the SCBWI, she is also a book reviewer and blogger.

To listen TODAY at 6:30est – click: http://www.blogtalkradio.com/prempromotions/2013/01/28/talk-radio-network-with-cheryl-c-malandrinos

Tuesday, March 13, 2012

Why All Books Are Great--Even The Ones I Don't Like


I love books. Why else would I be blogging about them--at numerous sites? I've learned to appreciate the written word, and how challenging it can be to craft a book that someone else will enjoy. I fail at it miserably more often than not. I struggle with plot, showing versus telling, and character development.

While it's definitely more fun to read a book that totally captivates you, even those books you don't care for can teach you something.

  • You get a feel for what works in a book and what doesn't. I recently read a book where there was tons of conflict, but everything turned up rosy for the protagonist in the end. Each time he was presented with a challenge, he met it. Whose life is actually like that?
  • You learn the importance of good editing. Self-publishing gets a bad rap for this, but typographical errors, grammar errors, and inconsistencies can plague any manuscript. I once read a book by a New York Times best selling author where the protagonist used his belt to escape after he had been kidnapped. Not a bad idea, if the kidnappers hadn't confiscated the belt at the end of the last chapter.
  • I'm known for occasionally stepping outside my comfort zone when it comes to genres. It's rare I enjoy science-fiction or fantasy, but I've read a few books in those genres. I can appreciate good writing, no matter what genre it is.
  • You learn to appreciate readers. I've read books whose back cover blurbs had little to do with the actual story or embellished the book's contents. Writers have an unspoken contract with the reader that what they say is in the book should be there. If you can't honestly tell a reader what's inside, why should they buy your book?
I haven't enjoyed every book I've reviewed at my blogs. Overall, however, I have been satisfied. I can honestly say, though, that even if I didn't care for a book, I always learned something from it.

Friday, February 24, 2012

Help! I'm A Free E-Book Addict

Hello. My name is Cheryl and I'm a free Kindle download addict. I have over 230 free e-books on my Kindle Fire right now. I've been doing my best to limit the number of books I download, but there are so many that sound good.  The nice thing is I can quickly skim a chapter or two and decide if a book is for me.

How many free e-books on your device right now? Has access to free e-books changed your book buying habits?

Thursday, August 4, 2011

Being Interviewed at One Writer's Journey on Friday, August 5th!


I'm being interviewed at Penny Lockwood Ehrenkranz's blog tomorrow, where I'll be talking about my children's picture book, Little Shepherd.

Obed is in the hills outside Bethlehem when the angels appear to announce the Savior’s birth. Can he trust that the miracle of the first Christmas will keep his flock safe while he visits the newborn King?

Here is what early reviews had to say about Little Shepherd:

“Your first reaction may be, oh goodness another story on the birth of Christ. Toss those thoughts away and immerse yourself and your children into the magical arrival of Christ the Lord. Children’s author, Cheryl C. Malandrinos has re-explored and created a beautiful re-enactment of Christ the Lord’s birth in a unique and awe inspiring rendition which surely will become classical reading in Christian religious school studies and home libraries.


The old time illustrations expertly created by illustrator, Eugene Ruble will leave you feeling that you journeyed through the countryside with Obed and his fellow shepherds.”

--Donna McDine, award-winning author of The Golden Pathway

“Little Shepherd by Cheryl C. Malandrinos is a fresh rendition of the familiar story of the angels appearing to the shepherds in the field and announcing the birth of the Savior. The unique slant to this particular retelling of the scriptural story is that the reader sees the event through the eyes of a little shepherd boy, tending his first-ever flock of sheep. As a grandmother, I would be delighted to read this story to my grandchildren. As such, I recommend it to parents/grandparents/teachers everywhere who wish to bring this passage of scripture to life for impressionable young hearts to understand”.

–Kathi Macias, radio host and award-winning author of more than 30 books, including the Extreme Devotion series and Valeria’s Cross


Little Shepherd is available for purchase from:

Amazon


Barnes and Noble

Guardian Angel Publishing

Indiebound.org

Autographed copies may be ordered directly through the Books page on my website.
 
I hope to see you at Penny's blog tomorrow at http://pennylockwoodehrenkranz.blogspot.com/
 
Thanks!
 
Cheryl

Friday, July 22, 2011

Interviewed at Through His Eyes on Saturday, July 23rd


I'll be interviewed tomorrow at Salena Stormo's lovely blog, Through His Eyes. I'm so thrilled to be there. I hope you'll join me while I spend the weekend at this wonderful blog.

I'm sure she would appreciate some followers too.

Thanks!

Monday, January 3, 2011

Cheryl Malandrions Guest on RRRadio-RFK: Stories for Children –January 3rd

Stories for Children Publishing, LLC


Website: http://storiesforchildrenpublishing.com/

M E D I A R E L E A S E
CONTACT: VS Grenier
Owner & Founder, Stories for Children Publishing, LLC
Email: VSGrenier@storiesforchildrenpublishing.com
Phone: 435-625-1743


For Immediate Release


Cheryl Malandrions Guest on RRRadio-RFK: Stories for Children –January 3rd

Come listen to Blog Talk Radio’s Robin Falls Kids Show: Stories for Children! The hosts (VS Grenier, D.M. Cunningham and Tiffany Strelitz Haber) will chat with author Cheryl Malandrions about her book “Little Shepherd.” They’ll also discuss writing, the publishing industry, and Cheryl’s experiences with virtual tours.

Cheryl Malandrions will also be sharing writing tips and trials and tribulations of the writer’s life.

The show will be live, January 3, 2011 at 1pm EST (12pm Central, 11am MST, and 10am PST). You can tune in at the RRRadio’s site at http://www.blogtalkradio.com/rrradio or you can listen/call in at (646) 595-4478. (Note: if you can’t make the show, you can listen on demand at the same link.)

In addition, Stories for Children Publishing will be touring Cheryl Malandrions’ book, “Little Shepherd” all month long. You can find her World of Ink Author/Book Tour schedule at http://storiesforchildrenpublishing.com/CherylMalandrinos.aspx. Make sure to stop by and interact with Cheryl and each host at the different stops by leaving a comment and/or question. Cheryl Malandrions will be checking in throughout the tour.

Cheryl Malandrinos is a freelance writer and editor. A regular contributor for Writer2Writer, her articles focus on increasing productivity through time management and organization. A founding member of Musing Our Children, she is also Editor in Chief of the group’s quarterly newsletter, Pages & Pens.

Cheryl is a Tour Coordinator for Pump Up Your Book, a book reviewer, and blogger. Little Shepherd is her first children’s book. She lives in Western Massachusetts with her husband and two young daughters. She also has a son who is married.


You can visit Cheryl online at http://ccmalandrinos.com/ or the Little Shepherd blog at http://littleshepherdchildrensbook.blogspot.com/.

Not only will you have the opportunity to meet Cheryl, but this will be the perfect time to meet and learn about the hosts VS Grenier, D.M. Cunningham and Tiffany Strelitz Haber, and their show on Blog Talk Radio-RFK: Stories for Children. You can learn about their exciting writing careers, along with Stories for Children Publishing and its many divisions.

To learn more about Cheryl Malandrions visit http://storiesforchildrenpublishing.com/CherylMalandrions.aspx


Learn more about Stories for Children Publishing, LLC at: http://storiesforchildrenpublishing.com/
###

Full Media Kit, Photos and more are available upon request electronically.

Saturday, December 4, 2010

Cheryl Malandrinos on A Book and A Chat Today!

Children’s author Cheryl Malandrinos to be a Guest on A Book and A Chat
Cheryl C. Malandrinos, author of “Little Shepherd” will be a special guest on the popular Blogtalkradio show, A Book and A Chat with Storyheart.
Join Storyheart at 11 AM Eastern on Saturday, December 4, 2010 for A Book and A Chat sit down with children’s author Cheryl C. Malandrinos. You can listen online at http://www.blogtalkradio.com/Across-the-Pond and call in your questions to 347- 237-5398.
Malandrinos’ picture book, “Little Shepherd” has hit the Amazon bestseller’s list in the Large Print Children’s Books category four times since its release.
Here is what reviewers are saying about “Little Shepherd”:
“It's a great book for families during the holidays looking to bring more depth and understanding to the standard nativity story.”
--Christy’s World of Books
Little Shepherd is a great Christmas story for children between the ages of 4-8 that inspires faith and trust in something that cannot be seen, but can be felt in the heart and in the soul. This book would make a great addition to any Christmas collection as well as in any religious setting.”
--The Crypto-Capers Review
“Your first reaction may be, oh goodness another story on the birth of Christ. Toss those thoughts away and immerse yourself and your children into the magical arrival of Christ the Lord. Children’s author, Cheryl C. Malandrinos has re-explored and created a beautiful re-enactment of Christ the Lord’s birth in a unique and awe inspiring rendition which surely will become classical reading in Christian religious school studies and home libraries.

The old time illustrations expertly created by illustrator, Eugene Ruble will leave you feeling that you journeyed through the countryside with Obed and his fellow shepherds.”
--Donna McDine, award-winning author of The Golden Pathway
Cheryl Malandrinos is a freelance writer, online book publicist, blogger and reviewer. She is a founding member of Musing Our Children and Editor in Chief of the group’s quarterly newsletter, Pages & Pens. “Little Shepherd” is her first book.
Visit Cheryl online at http://ccmalandrinos.com
Storyheart (Barry Eva) is the author of the YA romance novel, “Across the Pond” and the host of the popular Blogtalkradio show, A Book and A Chat.
You’ll find Storyheart online at http://acrossthepond-storyheart.blogspot.com/.

Contact information:
Cheryl C. Malandrinos

Tuesday, November 30, 2010

Children’s author Cheryl Malandrinos to be a Guest on A Book and A Chat

Children’s author Cheryl Malandrinos to be a Guest on A Book and A Chat


Cheryl C. Malandrinos, author of Little Shepherd, will be a special guest on the popular Blogtalkradio show, A Book and A Chat with Storyheart.

Join Storyheart at 11 AM Eastern on Saturday, December 4, 2010 for A Book and A Chat sit down with children’s author Cheryl C. Malandrinos. You can listen online at http://www.blogtalkradio.com/Across-the-Pond  and call in your questions to 347- 237-5398.

Malandrinos’ picture book, Little Shepherd has hit the Amazon bestseller’s list in the Large Print Children’s Books category four times since its release.

Here is what reviewers are saying about Little Shepherd:

“It's a great book for families during the holidays looking to bring more depth and understanding to the standard nativity story.”

--Christy’s World of Books

“Little Shepherd is a great Christmas story for children between the ages of 4-8 that inspires faith and trust in something that cannot be seen, but can be felt in the heart and in the soul. This book would make a great addition to any Christmas collection as well as in any religious setting.”

--The Crypto-Capers Review

“Your first reaction may be, oh goodness another story on the birth of Christ. Toss those thoughts away and immerse yourself and your children into the magical arrival of Christ the Lord. Children’s author, Cheryl C. Malandrinos has re-explored and created a beautiful re-enactment of Christ the Lord’s birth in a unique and awe inspiring rendition which surely will become classical reading in Christian religious school studies and home libraries.

The old time illustrations expertly created by illustrator, Eugene Ruble will leave you feeling that you journeyed through the countryside with Obed and his fellow shepherds.”

--Donna McDine, award-winning author of The Golden Pathway

Cheryl Malandrinos is a freelance writer, online book publicist, blogger and reviewer. She is a founding member of Musing Our Children and Editor in Chief of the group’s quarterly newsletter, Pages & Pens. Little Shepherd is her first book.


Visit Cheryl online at http://ccmalandrinos.com

Storyheart (Barry Eva) is the author of the YA romance novel, “Across the Pond” and the host of the popular Blogtalkradio show, A Book and A Chat.


You’ll find Storyheart online at http://acrossthepond-storyheart.blogspot.com/.

Contact information:

Cheryl C. Malandrinos

Email: cg20pm00@gmail.com

Website: http://ccmalandrinos.com/

Sunday, October 17, 2010

New Upcoming Events Page


I added an Upcoming Events page so you know what is happening at The Book Connection. There might be more things popping up in between, but these are the scheduled events through the end of November 2010.

Thank you for your support.

Wednesday, October 6, 2010

Survey Results


I would like to thank the readers who voted in our recent poll asking, "What would you like to see more of here?"

Giveaways just barely squeezed out guest bloggers, with book reviews coming in third. No one voted for author interviews, which kind of surprised me.

I'll do my best to add more giveaways, but I pay the shipping on these books 9 times out of 10, which is why I might not have as many as some other bloggers. Speaking of giveaways, I am running two excellent giveaways during my LITTLE SHEPHERD VIRTUAL BOOK TOUR '10.

Follow me along my tour trail and comment on my tour stops to be eligible to win a gift basket full of goodies retailing for $65. I am also running a giveaway for those who purchase a copy of Little Shepherd.

So far the reviews for Little Shepherd have been excellent. There are already five, 5-star reviews posted at Amazon. I hope you'll consider purchasing a copy for a child this Christmas.



Go to the Pump Up Your Book tour page at http://www.pumpupyourbook.com/2010/09/08/little-shepherd-virtual-book-tour-october-november-and-december-10/ to find my entire tour schedule. You can find details about the two giveaways by visiting http://www.pumpupyourbook.com/2010/09/27/giveaways-announced-for-little-shepherd-virtual-book-tour-octnovdec-10/

Monday, September 27, 2010

Join Me Tonight as a Guest on Red River Radio - A Good Story is A Good Story


Join me tonight when I am a guest on Red River Radio - A Good Story is a Good Story. The show begins at 9 PM Eastern/8 PM Central. I'll be talking about the release of my first children's picture book, Little Shepherd, and about promoting your book online through virtual book tours.

Marsha Cook, President of Marcus Bryan and Associates Michigan Avenue Media and Marcus Maxwell Inc., will be joined by her co-hosts Freda Roberts and Virginia Grenier. Freda is a writer and creator of Literary Lounge on Facebook. Virginia is the Founder and Owner of Stories for Children Publishing LLC. She is also an author and editor and writes a successful blog as well as an online magazine.

Join in the fun either by phone or online. The call in number is  (646) 595-4478. I'll be dialing in around 9:20 PM Eastern. Hope to hear from some of you!


Friday, September 3, 2010

Video Trailer for Little Shepherd


In case you hadn't heard, my first children's book, Little Shepherd is now available at the publisher's website and Amazon.com! Autographed copies can be ordered directly through me for a cost of $9.95 plus shipping. Please use the contact button and provide me with the following:

* Name
* Mailing address
* Quantity
* How you would like the book(s) autographed


Payment can be made by PayPal or by bank check or money order.

Here's a video trailer I created today to share some of the lovely illustrations Eugene Ruble created for the book.



Thanks for your support. I hope you enjoy the trailer!

Monday, August 23, 2010

Interview about VBTs at Writers In Residence on Wednesday!



Want to know more about virtual book tours?

Stop by the Writers in Residence blog on Wednesday, August 25th for my interview. We'll be talking about what you can expect from your tour, when you should begin thinking about signing up for a virtual book tour, the advantages of using VBTs to promote your book, and more.

I'll be checking in during the day to answer questions, so feel free to ask away.

You'll find me at the Writers in Residence blog on Wednesday by clicking here!

Tuesday, June 29, 2010

My Journey to Publication - Part 5



When we last left this journey, I had partaken in my first Muse Online Writers Conference and secured a position as a regular contributor for Writer2Writer.

Writer2Writer, an online magazine for professionals and freelancers who want to generate income from their writing, now comes out twice a month; but back then it was a monthly issue. Cheryl Wright is the editor of this magazine. She was also a presenter at the first Muse conference. That's how she heard about me.

Participants of the Muse Online Writers Conference belong to a Yahoo Group, which allows the members to support each other. One discussion that came up at the Group was if writing for free was a good way to get clips. I responded by sharing how I had been writing time management and organization articles geared toward writers for Destiny3Fiction, a free online magazine. I felt the exposure was good, and I had only committed to six free articles, so it wasn't like I was going to work for free forever.

Cheryl Wright seized that opportunity to contact me about the articles for use at Writer2Writer. Destiny3Fiction has just stopped being produced, so there were no rights issues. Most importantly, this would mean--for the first time--I would get paid to write. Very exciting!

We swapped a few emails, she liked the writing samples I sent her, and we agreed I would write a column every other month. My first column appeared in December 2006. I still contribute to this great online magazine. If you're interested in learning how to generate income from your writing, it would be a good place to check out.

I also mentioned in my last installment that I participated in National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) for the first time in 2006. That will be the topic of my next story.

Read Part 4 here!

Monday, May 3, 2010

The Importance of Promoting Your Book--Interview with Cheryl Malandrinos & Giveaway from Linda Weaver Clarke



Imagine my surprise when I received an email this morning from my friend, Linda Weaver Clarke, who asked me to post about an international giveaway she is running at her blog, along with a short interview with little ole me.

"Linda teaches a workshop that helps others to put their family history into a variety of interesting stories."

You can find out more about Linda's Family Legacy workshops by visiting her website.



In coordination with our interview on "The Importance of Promoting Your Book", Linda is offering a copy of her Family Legacy Booklet, as a giveaway.

Learn the most important elements of writing. Do you need help getting started writing your family history, autobiography, or want to develop your writing skills? Discuss setup, characters, plot, the importance of conflict and emotion. The secret of holding a reader is using emotion; it’s the difference between a slow or a lively recounting of a story. Make your ancestors come alive on paper. Make your family legacy something your children will be proud of.

This booklet contains the same rules for fiction and non-fiction writing.

The Family Legacy Booklet giveaway runs from May 5th through May 15th. You can read our interview and find details on the giveaway by visiting Linda's blog.

You can meet Linda in person at the following locations:

May 2010

5th: 6:00 - 8:00 p.m. Workshop at Tucker Branch Library, 5234 La Vista Rd., Tucker, Georgia, Contact library at 770-270-8234

8th: 10:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Workshop at Roswell Library, 115 Norcross Street, Roswell, Georgia. Contact library at 770-640-3075

My thanks goes out to Linda for hosting me today.

Sunday, May 2, 2010

My Journey to Publication - Part 4



Since I credit the Muse Online Writers Conference (MOWC) and the connections I made, and continue to make, there as a big part of why I am looking forward to The Little Shepherd Boy coming out this fall, you would think I would remember how I heard about the darn thing in the first place. But, no. My brain refuses to recall that data.

I believe 2006 was the first year of the MOWC, and it was called the Muse Free Online Writers Conference then. The important words for me at that time were "online" and "free". With two young children and no steady income from my writing, I couldn't afford or even consider traveling to a writer's conference. This was the perfect solution. I didn't need to leave home and I didn't have to spend a dime. Who says miracles don't happen anymore?

Now, I'll be honest, I wasn't sure how much great stuff I could expect from a totally online, totally free writers conference. Not that I had anything to compare it to, but they don't say, "you get what you pay for," for nothing. I was, however, impressed, with the long list of available workshops. I signed up for as many as I thought I could handle and crossed my fingers that nothing in my life would mess up me being able to attend.

Once the conference got going, I realized I had taken too many workshops. Some had assignments or writing exercises, some didn't. The most important thing, however, is that I walked away feeling inspired, I had spent a week practicing my craft, and I had the information in my hands to keep me on the road toward honing my craft. Since the conference was held in October, a couple of weeks before National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) was due to kick off, the inspiration definitely carried over and I would attempt NaNoWriMo for the first time.

Another exciting thing that happened as a result of the 2006 MOWC is my securing a position as a regular contributor to Writer2Writer, an online magazine focused on teaching writers how to generate cash from their writing.

But, that, my friends, is a story for another post.


Read Part 3 here!

Wednesday, April 21, 2010

Latest Writer2Writer Article


You can find my latest article for Writer2Writer at their Time Management site. "Seasonal Articles: Plan Ahead & Earn Extra Writing Income" made it out to subscribers in the February newsletter.

Check out the article here!

Wednesday, April 14, 2010

Cover Art for The Little Shepherd Boy by Cheryl C. Malandrinos



This is officially a jump up and down, squeal like a little girl moment. When I checked my email tonight, Lynda Burch, owner and publisher of Guardian Angel Publishing had sent me a copy of the cover art for my book, The Little Shepherd Boy, which is due to be released this fall.

I was already familiar with Eugene Ruble's work before he was contracted to design The Little Shepherd Boy, so I knew the cover art would be wonderful; but I had that tense moment before the file popped up on my screen that said, "What if I don't really like it?" I hope that's normal.

I absolutely love this cover! I'll have to send Eugene a note of thanks this week, so I don't forget. My intentions are good, my brain is not always there. I also need to stop referring to this as my book. Eugene and I are collaborating on this project, so it's really our book.

I would appreciate some feedback from you, the readers of this blog, and hopefully future fans of Obed's story, The Little Shepherd Boy. What do you think of the cover art?

Thanks for all your support. Look for more information regarding The Little Shepherd Boy as we get closer to release time.